Protected Bike Lane / Cycle Track
ELM-PBL-37 Protected Bike Lane / Cycle Track
#Why this pattern exists
Physical separation removes the reliance on driver behavior and paint compliance that lower-tier bike facilities depend on, making cycling comfortable and accessible to a much broader range of riders, including children and less-confident adults, the core goal of an all-ages-and-abilities bike network.1 This pattern exists to document the design considerations specific to physical separation.
#Key considerations
- Intersection and driveway conflict points require particular design attention, since physical separation that continues uninterrupted mid-block can create visibility conflicts at any break in that separation
- Should be the aspirational default treatment on higher-speed or higher-volume corridors where cycling is intended to be a viable, comfortable option for a broad range of riders
- Maintenance access (snow removal, sweeping) needs to be planned for within a physically separated facility, since standard vehicle-lane equipment may not fit
- Minimum rideable width is 6.5–7 ft (2–2.1 m) for a one-way facility, with 8–12.5 ft (2.5–3.8 m) preferred where volume supports side-by-side riding or passing.2 Buffer width must be at least 3 ft (0.9 m) where adjacent to on-street parking, to clear the door-swing zone, or 2–3 ft (0.6–0.9 m) on streets without parking at 30 mph or below.2
#Related patterns
Buffered Bike Lane (ELM-BBL-35), Conventional Bike Lane (ELM-CBL-34) (lower-separation alternatives); Bicycle Signal (ELM-BCS-16) (a common companion treatment at intersections)
#Getting there: Retrofit path options
This Element is the direct product of all three protected bike lane retrofits: via lane-width reallocation (RFT-CDR-07), via lane removal (RFT-CDR-08), and via parking reduction (RFT-CDR-09).
#References
- Evidence-based Lusk, A.C. et al. (2011), "Risk of injury for bicycling on cycle tracks versus in the street," Injury Prevention 17(2). Montreal study: 28% lower injury rate on cycle tracks compared to comparable streets.(opens in new tab)
- Precedent-based NACTO, Urban Bikeway Design Guide, 3rd Ed., "Protected Bike Lanes." Design specifications.(opens in new tab)